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Chpt 34-37
Chpt 34, 35, 36, 37 Test
Chpt
37 Objectives
1.
Explain the relative roles of genes and environment in the
following types of behavior: pattern recognition, fixed action patterns,
habituation, imprinting, association, imitation, and innovation.
2.
Describe the evolutionary context of examples of the
following types of individual behavior: biological rhythms, kineses,
and orientation behaviors, migration, and feeding behavior.
3.
Describe the evolutionary context of examples of the following
types of social behavior: agonistic behavior, dominance hierarchy,
territoriality, mating behavior, signaling, and altruism.
Chpt
36 Objectives
1.
Distinguish between the terms in the following pairs:
community and ecosystem, habitat and niche, coevolution
and symbiosis, and energy flow and chemical cycle.
2.
List the properties that are used to compare different
communities.
3.
Discuss the forces that tie population together into
communities: competition, predation and symbiosis. Give an example of each, and explain why it
is difficult to assess these forces fully in natural communities.
4.
Describe the process of community succession using a local
example, and trace the changes in community parameters that occur during the
process. Demonstrate how disturbance, on
various scales, is a characteristic of many communities.
5.
Define the trophic levels that
occur in most ecosystems, and discuss how energy flow through trophic level structure results in an energy pyramid.
6.
Outline the dominant pathways of the cyclic movement
between organic matter and abiotic reservoirs of
water, carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.
7.
Explain how human disruption of ecosystems disturbs
chemical nutrient cycles and how zoned reserves are being used in an attempt to
restore ecosystems.
Chpt
35 Objectives
1.
Define population in the sense used by population
ecologists, and in contrast to the traditional biological definition of
population.
2.
Explain how density and dispersion describe populations
and how each of these variables is measured.
3.
Distinguish between exponential and logistic models of
population growth, explaining the effects of existing population size and
carrying capacity on growth rate.
4.
Differentiate between density-dependent and
density-independent factors that limit population growth.
5.
Describe the interrelationships among predator, prey, and
prey food that cause mixed populations to cycle.
6.
Name the attributes of survivorship curves and distinguish
between opportunistic and equilibrial life histories.
7.
Discuss life tables and age structures, and examine them
for human populations. Compare a stable
population, such as
8.
Outline the history of the growth of the human population,
including factors affecting that growth.
Chpt 34 Objectives
1. Identify the abiotic
and biotic factors that control ecological relationships, stressing the role of
natural selection in shaping the adaptations of each organism that allow it to
function well in its environment.
2. Name the two types of aquatic ecosystems
and nine types of terrestrial biomes, indicating for each the defining abiotic characteristics, the location of each on Earth,
characteristic features of the organisms, and any particular sensitivity to
human disturbance.